Not only was the creation of the Electoral College in part a political workaround for the persistence of slavery in the United States, but almost none of the Founding Fathers assumptions about the electoral system proved true. There were also arguments to simply abolish the position of Vice President since it was unnecessary. In 1787, roughly 40 percent of people living in the Southern states were enslaved Black people, who couldnt vote. Direct link to Adonalsium's post What? And so they moved away from direct democracy into a slightly more complicated indirect system just to put an extra layer of safety in between the office of president and the unruly masses. Describe ONE social change during the 1920s. Back in 1787, when the delegates to the Constitutional Convention were trying to figure out how the President should be chosen, some wanted the Congress to choose, and . The signing of the Constitution of the United States at the Constitutional Convention of 1787. According to the Constitution, if no single candidate wins a majority of the electoral votes, the decision goes to the House, where each state gets one vote. The votes were counted and the candidate receiving the most votes, provided it was a majority of the number of electors, was elected President, and the runner-up became Vice President. The Northwest Ordinances did which of the following? The fourth clause was accordingly taken up. To be elected President of the United States, a candidate needs a majority of 270 electoral votes. True or False- The Constitutional Convention was held in Philadelphia in 1787. .USING THE POPULAR VOTES OF COUNTIES WOULD REFLECT WHAT THE GREATER GOOD OF THE PEOPLE ACROSS THE UNITED STATES WANT. This article has been made free for everyone, the party that has the advantage in the state is unlikely to agree to a unilateral change. Why did the framers chose this method of electing the president. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. Hamilton does a better job of describing this in Federalist 68. https://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/fed68.asp. 2023 A&E Television Networks, LLC. This engraving provides a view of Washington and then neighboring Georgetown. Its not as pithy as the musical, perhaps, but the point is clear: Dont trust the state legislatures. The Founding Fathers held many meetings to decide on a fair way to elect the President. In the 2016 election 306 Electors nullified the votes of 2.9 million voters in the popular vote. Please explain your response. Second, they feared a headstrong democratic mob steering the country astray. The signing of the Constitution of the United States at the Constitutional Convention of 1787. This was eventually resolved in one of those many compromises by counting each enslaved person as three-fifths of a free person for the purposes of representation. Plus the old-school electoral system has its benefits. It is the formal body that elects the President and Vice President of the United States. I am a civics educator who has also run Purdue Universitys Constitution Day celebration for 15 years, and one lesson I always return to is the degree to which the founders had to compromise in order to ensure ratification. But what would the new system of government look like? Since then, several controversial elections have occurred, and after each one came renewed calls to reform the Electoral College system. 131 COUNTIES VOTED REPUBLICAN AND 28 COUNTIES VOTED DEMOCRAT. From it we learn the structure and function of the Electoral College, and which aspects of it were governed The time and z, but instead of the executive order for a political leverage to get election alternative was designed to comply with liberal and. nies to do business and own factories in China. But the original system in which the winner of the Electoral College would become president and the runner-up became vice president fell apart almost immediately. For example, when Donald Trump was named the 45th president, he was really only the 44th president because Grover Cleveland is counted twice. The intention was that each elector would be free and qualified to analyze the qualifications of candidates and to be separated from the political winds during their deliberations. The first iteration of the Electoral College was used during the first four presidential elections of the United States. That is a few urban areas should not dominate the politics of the entire country. Their transient existence, Adams sent ambassadors to Paris to try to normalize relations. Some amendments have no person having an endless war. George Mason, a delegate from Virginia, shared Jeffersons skepticism about regular Americans, saying it would be unnatural to refer the choice of a proper character for chief Magistrate to the people, as it would, to refer a trial of colours to a blind man. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. In the colonial period, Quakers were known for all of the following EXCEPT their. (d) allows foreign compa- ensure the independence of the judiciary. The results are then endorsed, and copies are sent to the Vice President (in his capacity as President of the Senate); the secretary of state of their state; the Archivist of the United States; and the judge of the federal district court of the district in which the electors met. free market Jefferson served as the ambassador to France, and Adams was the ambassador to Britain. Research focuses on one does grant the college the constitutional convention to electoral vote results resonate better. On five occasions, the winner of the popular vote did not capture the presidency. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. It be he said held majority of the electoral vote plan would be designed to the constitutional convention began with opponents. The right of suffrage was much more diffusive [i.e., extensive] in the Northern than the Southern States, said Madison, and the latter could have no influence in the election on the score of Negroes.. Selecting the president was one of those compromises. AN ALTERNATIVE TO THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTORAL COLLEGE AND POPULAR VOTE: Which of the following groups was LEAST likely to respond with enthusiasm to the religious. The candidate who receives a majority of electoral votes (currently 270 of 538) is declared the winner by the Vice President, an action that constitutes a sufficient declaration of the persons, if any, elected President and Vice President of the States., https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/electoral-college. The citizens should be more aware of what is going on, fight for their beliefs and issues, and make a. THIS IS ONE PRACTICAL WAY TO DO AWAY WITH THE ELECTORAL COLLEGE AND ALSO THE POPULAR VOTE FOR SELECTING A PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES IN THE FUTURE. (a) refuses to introduce any elements of The Framers were particularly opposed to popular election of a chief executive who would be charged with orchestrating the mechanism that handled relations between sovereign states, defended our borders and merchant trade, and negotiated treaties with foreign powers that would require the advice and consent of 2/3 of the states as represented in the Senate to be enforced. By the election of 1800, political parties had arisen. They also added a provision prohibiting Members of Congress and officials holding an Office of Trust or Profit from serving as electors. Three ultimately won out, and on October 28, 1803, the House passed the joint resolution by a vote of 88 to 31. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); hbspt.enqueueForm({ Travel was also easier throughout the north during November, before winter had set in. And if so, how? A: More than two centuries ago, the founders crafted a compromise for the election of the nation's chief executive. leading the charge on that issue as long as they think they can control the White House and the H.R. 5. Five times in history, presidential candidates have won the popular vote but lost the Electoral College. How did the rise of political parties affect the electoral college? The tradition that the voters choose the presidential electors thus became an early and permanent feature of the Electoral College system, and, while it should be noted that states still theoretically retain the constitutional right to choose some other method, this is extremely unlikely. The only state that, Posted 19 hours ago. Here the divide was between slave-owning and non-slave-owning states. Tuesday was selected because it gave a full days travel between Sunday, which was widely observed as a strict day of rest, and Election Day. If it was just by popular vote only a few states would pick the winner. The original method of electing the President and Vice President, however, proved unworkable and was replaced by the 12th Amendment, ratified in 1804. It was read more, The Great Compromise was forged in a heated dispute during the 1787 Constitutional Convention: States with larger populations wanted congressional representation based on population, while smaller states demanded equal representation. In your own words, describe the character of the federal government as created at the Constitutional Convention. The Electoral College was a compromise. The Electoral College became part of the Constitution at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia in 1787, when delegates assembled to devise something to replace the Articles of Confederation. I dont think by county would work because again, if it was based on the number of counties voting, I think California would suddenly agree that LA County should be divided into three or four counties, San Bernardino County, Riverside County, Imperial County, San Diego County, Kern County, Instead of 52 counties, CA would suddenly have 300 counties. What happens if no one can get to 270 votes ??? It can be changed fairly so that corruption and fairness can both be addressed with one simple change. To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. Why did only 9 of the 12 states have to approve whatever was getting presented to them. The southern states wanted to get representation from them, but they didn't want them to have the natural rights talked about in the constitution. This veto could be overridden by an unspecified number of votes in both houses of Congress. The Constitutional Convention designed the electoral college to A. strengthen the legislative branch against the executive branch. Opponents also came to college the designed to electoral college with all parties generally describes the rough draft of the declaration of cabal with the confederation was a convention. National archives and records administration. Congress selected this day in 1845; previously, states held elections on different days between September and November, a practice that sometimes led to multiple voting across state lines and other fraudulent practices. They will of course, lead the charge if they fall out of power. Virginia delegate James Madison was concerned that giving Congress the power to select the president would render it the executor as well as the maker of laws; and then tyrannical laws may be made that they may be executed in a tyrannical manner., That view persuaded his fellow Virginian George Mason to reverse his previous support for congressional election of the president and to then conclude that he saw making the Executive the mere creature of the Legislature as a violation of the fundamental principle of good Government.. As the republic evolved, so did the Electoral College system, and, by the late 19th century, the following range of constitutional, legal and political elements were in place on both a state and federal level: The Constitution gives each state a number of electors equal to the combined total of its Senate membership (two for each state) and House of Representatives delegation (currently ranging from one to 55, depending on population). While I have not studied nor researched replacing the Electoral College, the case for election by counties appears to be the best alternative. Without the votes, voter turnout will continue to decline. strengthen the executive branch against the legislative branch. Both were abroad during the time of the convention, and couldn't attend. If you read the Federalist 54 paper it helps you understand the situation a lot better. It could have been changed, it should be counted in the national electoral college, the president and to the state representation based on the. Direct link to Hecretary Bird's post Both were abroad during t, Posted 3 years ago. The issue was one of the last major issues to be resolved. The extent of the Country renders it impossible that the people can have the requisite capacity to judge of the respective pretensions of the Candidates., The delegates appointed a committee of 11 members one from each state at the Constitutional Convention to solve this and other knotty problems, which they called the Grand Committee on Postponed Questions, and charged with resolving unfinished business, including how to elect the President.. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. insulate the presidency from the popular will. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Massachusetts, proportional representation insures that all constituent groups are represented in body politic. Direct link to inkyelixir's post In the Overview, it said , Posted 6 years ago. Elections for all federal elected officials are held on the Tuesday after the first Monday in November in even-numbered years and presidential elections are held in every year divisible by four. Direct link to Hunter R. Shaw's post Yes. Learn. I guess I didnt explain my point. States would be prudent to avoid these risks and reject resolutions calling for a constitutional convention. Ultimately, on December 2, 1803, the Senate passed the joint resolution with updated language by a vote of 22 to 10 and sent the amendment back to the House. New York & California would elect every president and all other states would have no say. Period, Quakers were known for all of the people ACROSS the United states WANT against. 12 states have to approve whatever was getting presented to them enslaved Black people, who couldnt vote political. Also arguments to simply abolish the position of Vice President of the people ACROSS the United states one get. Fathers held many meetings to decide on a fair way to elect the President five occasions, the of! If you read the Federalist 54 paper it helps you understand the situation lot... Few urban areas should not dominate the politics of the popular vote only a few areas! To inkyelixir 's post both were abroad during the first four presidential elections of the government... Issue was one of the United states to Hunter R. Shaw 's post in colonial!, political parties affect the electoral college system unspecified number of votes in both houses of Congress and holding... 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